The Hindu Vocabulary 4 June 2025

Word/Phrase

Part of speech

Meaning

Synonyms

Antonyms

Sentence

Transition

Noun

The process or a period of changing from one state or condition to another.

(परिवर्तन)

Change, Shift, Transformation, Evolution, Conversion, Passage, Adjustment, Development, Progress

Stagnation, Stasis, Fixity, Permanence, Stability, Continuity, Immutability, Idleness, Sameness, Inactivity

The company is undergoing a major transition to digital operations.

Optimistic

Adjective

Hopeful and confident about the future.

(आशावादी)

Hopeful, Positive, Confident, Upbeat, Sanguine, Encouraging, Bright, Enthusiastic, Buoyant, Idealistic

Pessimistic, Negative, Gloomy, Cynical, Hopeless, Downbeat, Fatalistic, Despairing, Skeptical, Distrustful

Despite the challenges, she remained optimistic about the outcome.

Rejoice

Verb

Feel or show great joy or delight.

(आनंदित होना)

Celebrate, Exult, Delight, Revel, Glory, Triumph, Jubilate, Cherish, Appreciate, Enjoy

Grieve, Mourn, Lament, Despair, Weep, Cry, Sorrow, Bemoan, Wallow, Suffer

We all rejoiced at the news of their safe return.

Despair

Noun

The complete loss or absence of hope.

(निराशा)

Hopelessness, Despondency, Dejection, Gloom, Misery, Anguish, Distress, Melancholy, Resignation, Nihilism

Hope, Optimism, Confidence, Joy, Enthusiasm, Expectation, Assurance, Courage, Faith, Trust

She fell into despair after losing her job.

Restrain

Verb

Prevent (someone or something) from doing something; keep under control or within limits.

(नियंत्रित करना)

Control, Curb, Limit, Hold Back, Suppress, Moderate, Hinder, Prevent, Confine, Censor

Release, Unleash, Liberate, Free, Allow, Encourage, Permit, Indulge, Unfetter, Incite

He struggled to restrain his anger.

Dismal

Adjective

Causing a mood of gloom or depression; dreary or bleak.

(निराशाजनक)

Gloomy, Bleak, Dreary, Depressing, Miserable, Somber, Sullen, Morbid, Cheerless, Grim

Cheerful, Bright, Joyful, Optimistic, Pleasant, Hopeful, Sunny, Lively, Encouraging

The dismal weather kept everyone indoors.

Bump

Noun

A sudden, jarring blow or jolt; a raised area or protuberance on a surface.

(टक्कर)

Jolt, Thud, Impact, Collision, Knock, Lobe, Protuberance, Swelling, Lump, Ridge

Smoothness, Flatness, Depression, Dent, Hollow, Concavity, Softness, Glide, Ease, Flow

The car hit a bump in the road.

Hype

Noun

Extravagant or intensive publicity or promotion; to promote or publicize (a product or idea) intensively, often exaggerating its benefits.

(बढ़ा-चढ़ाकर कहना)

Buzz, Publicity, Promotion, Advertising, Exaggeration, Sensation, Ballyhoo, Flamboyance, Hoopla, Fanfare

Understatement, Downplay, Truth, Reality, Disparagement, Criticism, Demotion, Neglect, Ignore, Dismiss

There was a lot of hype surrounding the new movie release.

Sluggish

Adjective

Moving or operating more slowly than usual or desired; lacking energy or alertness.

(निष्क्रिय)

Slow, Lethargic, Inert, Languid, Dull, Lazy, Torpid, Inactive, Slothful, Listless

Energetic, Lively, Rapid, Agile, Quick, Active, Swift, Vigorous, Dynamic, Alert

The economy remained sluggish for several months.

Pandemic

Adjective

(Of a disease) prevalent over a whole country or the world.

(महामारी)

Epidemic, Outbreak, Scourge, Plague, Global, Widespread, Pervasive, Rife, Universal, Extensive

Localized, Endemic, Confined, Contained, Restricted, Limited, Isolated, Controlled, Harmless, Minor

 The Spanish Flu was a devastating pandemic in the early 20th century.

Accelerate

Verb

Begin to move more quickly; increase in amount or extent.

(गति बढ़ाना)

Speed Up, Hasten, Expedite, Quicken, Spur, Propel, Boost, Ramp Up, Advance, Enhance

Decelerate, Slow Down, Halt, Stop, Retard, Hinder, Impede, Delay, Block, Obstruct

The driver accelerated to merge onto the highway.

Scarce

Adjective

(Especially of food, money, or some other resource) insufficient for the demand.

(अपर्याप्त)

Rare, Short, Limited, Deficient, Insufficient, Meager, Scanty, Dearth, Seldom, Infrequent

Abundant, Plentiful, Ample, Numerous, Common, Ubiquitous, Overflowing, Bountiful, Generous, Excessive

Water is a scarce resource in many desert regions.