List of Important Computer Abbreviations & Acronyms

S.No

Abbreviations

Full-Form

Definition

1

ACE

Access Control Entry

As its name suggests, it can grant or deny a user or group access to a resource. In many cases, a single ACL can contain multiple ACEs.

2

AI

Artificial Intelligence

It is an intelligence machine by which it can think and work like a human.

3

ALGOL

Algorithmic Language

It is a family of different computer programming languages. Designed to communicate instructions to a machine, particularly a computer.

4

API

Application Program Interface

It is a software intermediary which allows two application to communicate.

5

APIPA

Automatic Private Internet Protocol Addressing

It is the feature of an operating system that enables computers to automatically self-configure an IP address 

6

ARP

Address Resolution Protocol

An internet protocol used for communication. It is a network protocol used to find out the hardware (MAC) address of a device from an IP address.

7

ASCII

American Standard Code For Information Interchange

It is a standard set code that allows us to change English character into the number. There are 128 characters in it.

8

ASP

Active Server Pages

ASPs are the web pages that contain server-side scripts.

9

ATM

Asynchronous Transfer Mode

It is a dedicated connection switching technology that organizes the digital data into 53-byte cell units.

10

AUI

Attachment Unit Interface

The AUI (attachment unit interface) is the 15-pin physical connector interface between a computer’s network interface.

11

AVI

Audio Video Interleave

It is a file of sound and motion pictures. It combines audio and video into a single file in a standard container to allow simultaneous playback.

12

B2B

Business To Business

In this, products and services are sold to other businesses rather than to the general public

13

B2C

Business To Commerce

It refers to commerce between a business and an individual consumer.

14

BCC

Blind Carbon Copy

It is used when an email is sent to a number of people.

15

BCD

Binary Coded Decimal

It is a number system.

16

BCR

Bar Code Reader

It is an optical reader that can read bar codes

17

BINAC

Binary Automatic Computer

Early aged electronic computer designed for the Northrop aircraft company

18

BIOS

Basic Input Output System

It is a program pre-installed on Windows-based computers that the computer uses to start up

19

BMP

Bitmap

It is a digital image file format that is composed graphics.

20

BPEL

Business Process Execution Language

It is a language for specifying business based on the webserver.

21

CAD

Computer-Aided Design

It is a technology for design & technical documentation with the help of software.

22

CAI

Computer-Aided Instruction

It is also known as computer-assisted interaction, which helps in learning.

23

CAM

Computer-Aided Manufacturing

It is the method of use of software to control machine tools, it is also known as Computer-Aided machine.

24

CASE

Computer-Aided Software Engineering

It refers to the development and maintenance of software projects. It ensure high-quality and defect-free software.

25

C-DAC

Center for Development of Advanced Computing

Center for Development of Advanced Computing India is an autonomous scientific society under the ministry of electronics and information technology. The headquarters is in Pune.

26

C-DoT

Center For Development of Telematics

It is a telecommunication technology department centre which is owned by the Indian government.

27

CDROM

Compact Disc Read-Only Memory

It is a secondary memory storage device.

28

CD-RW

Compact Disc- ReWritable

It is a compact disc in which rewriting can be done multiple times.

29

CGI

Common Gateway Interface

It is an interface between the web server and custom scripts

30

CMOS

Complementary Metal- Oxides Semiconductors

It is a semiconductor chip inside computers that stores information.

31

CMS

Content Management System

It manages the creation and modification of digital content.

32

CMYK

Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Key(Black)

It is a color order which describes the printing process

33

COBOL

Common Business Oriented Language

It is a business based programming language that uses the natural language-based syntax of keywords and constructs.

34

COM

Component Object Model

It is a windows application.

35

CPU

Central Processing Unit

It is the brain of a computer all input data processed here

36

CRC

Cyclic Redundancy Check

It is a method of error-detecting code.

37

CRM

Customer Relationship Management

It is an approach to manage its potential customers.

38

CRT

Cathode Ray Tube

It is used to display the image.

39

CTCP

Client To Client Protocol

It is a type of communication between internet relay chat clients

40

CUI

Character User Interface

The command line interface by which user interacts with the computer program.

41

DAC

Digital To Analog Converter

A device which converts the binary or digital data in the analog such as DAC, R-2R ladder.

42

DAO

Data Access Objects

It is a pattern that is used in java to separate the persistence and business layer of application.

43

DBMS

Database Management System

It’s a software used to manage the data.

44

DDL

Data Definition Language

These are the standard command in the DBMS to modify the data.

45

DFS

Distributed File System

When we store data on the server in a file system it is a type of distributed file system.

46

DHCP

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

It is a client-server protocol.

47

DHTML

Dynamics Hypertext Transfer Markup Language

It is a combination of web development technologies.

48

DLC

Data Link Control

It is a service that ensures reliable data communication.

49

DLL

Dynamic-Link Library

It is a type of file that is used in need to perform a particular task.

50

DMA

Direct Memory Access

It is a method which allows input/output device to directly receive or send data from the main memory.

51

DOS

Disk Operating System

It was the first operating system used by IBM-Compatible computers.

52

DSL

Digital Subscriber Line

It is a communication medium that used to transfer digital signals over the standard telephone line.

53

DSN

Data Source Name

It is a means of communication which helps to transfer data with the help of telephone lines.

54

DTD

Document Type Definition

DTD defines the tag or attributes that used in the HTML or XML

55

DVD

Digital Versatile Disk

It is simply the digital video disc that can store a significant amount of data.

56

E- commerce

Electronic Commerce

Electronically buying or selling of products over the internet.

57

EDP

Electronic Data Processing

It uses simple, repetitive activities to process large no. of similar volumes.

58

EEPROM

Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory

This type of memory can be erased with the help of the electric field.

59

EFS

Encrypting File System

It provides a transparent encryption and decryption of files by using the standard cryptographic algorithm.

60

EJB

Enterprise Java Beans

It is a server-side component written in the java which contains the business logic of the application.

61

EPROM

Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory

It is an internal memory of computer that can be erased and reused.

62

ERP

Enterprise Resource Planning

This type of software helps companies to implement their resource planning.

63

EULA

End-User License Agreement

It is a legal contract between the software developer and the user.

64

EXE

Executable(File)

It is a file that can be executed by the computer directly.

65

FAT

File Allocation Table

It is an operating system developed for the hard drive.

66

FDD

Floppy Disk Drive

It is an external storage device.

67

FIFO

First In First Out

It is a cost flow assumption usually associated with the valuation of inventory and the cost of goods sold.

68

FLOPS

Floating Point Operations Per Second

 Generally used to measure the performance of a computer’s processor.

69

FO

Fiber Optics

It is the medium of making communication wires.

70

FORTRAN

Formula Translation

It is a programming language that is used in mathematical calculations.

71

fps

Frames Per Second

It is used to measure the frame rate.

72

FRAM

Ferroelectric Random Access Memory

It has the same feature as that of the flash memory.

73

FTP

File Transfer Protocol

It is a set of rules that is used to transfer a file between a server to a client on a computer network.

74

GB

Giga Byte

It is a bit storage unit.

75

GIF

Graphics Interchange Format

It is a mechanism of storage and transmission of raster data type.

76

GIGO

Garbage In, Garbage Out

Common concept to computer science and mathematical equation.

77

GPL

General Public License 

It is a free, genuine license used primarily for Software.

78

GUI

Graphical User Interface

It’s a computer program that allows a person to communicate with the computer with the help of visuals, pictures, etc.

79

HDD

Hard Disc Drive

It’s a low-cost high capacity storage data.

80

HPC

High Performance Computing

It is computing which delivers very high performance.

81

HPFS

High Performance File System

It is a file system developed by Microsoft, not commonly used with today’s computer and server.

82

HSR

Horizontal Scan Rate

It is commonly expressed in kilohertz (khz).

83

HTML

HyperText Markup Language

It is a language for document designing displayed in a web browser. It consists of a series of element.

84

HTTP

Hyper Text Transfer Protocol

It is a protocol used worldwide for distribute the data on web.

85

hw

Hardware

Part of computer that can be touched.

86

IBM

International Business Machines

It is a computer hardware company.

87

ICMP

Internet Control Message Protocol

It is an error reporting protocol.

88

ICP

Internet Cache Protocol

It is a protocol that enables cache to communicate one another.

89

IIS

Internet Information Services

It is a web server developed by Microsoft.

90

IPTV

Internet Protocol Television

It is a process of transmission of television program through the internet.

91

ISDN

Integrated Service Digital Network

It is a set of standard for communication of data and voice. It is a telecommunication technology.

93

ISP

Internet Service Provider

It provides internet access to the organization and the home users.

94

ITPL

International Tech Park Limited

Software companies

95

JDBC

Java Database Connectivity

It is an application programming interface which allows the programmer to interact with the database

96

JHTML

Java Within Hyper Text Language

It is standard HTML using java scripts

97

JPEG

Joint Photographic Experts Group

It is a committee which creates image coding standards, specifically those images who is produce by digital photography.

98

JSP

Java Server Pages

It is the programming technology, It is used for developing web application

99

Kbps

Kilobyte Per Second

It is data transfer rate

100

LCD

Liquid Crystal Display

It is a display technology used in flat TV and computer

101

LIFO

Last In First Out

It is a method in which when the last valuable assets placed in an inventory are the first sold during the accounting year.

102

LIPS

Logical Interface Per Second

103

LOC

Line Of Code

It is a software metric used to measure the size of program by counting line

104

LSP

Layered Service Provider

It is designed to directly integrate into internet protocol.

105

MAC

Medium Access Control

It is generally said as sublayer of OSI data link layer

106

MAN

Metropolitan Area Network

 It is a type of network

107

MBOS

Mega Bytes Per Second

108

MDI

Multiple Document Interface

It is programming interface which uses for  creating application

109

MICR

Magnetic Ink Character Recognition

 It is Character recognition technology generally used in banking industry

110

MIDI

Musical Instrument Digital Interface

It’s a communication protocol’s technical standard

111

MIPS

Millions Of Instructions Per Second

Measuring the raw speed of computer processor

112

MODEM

Modulator -  Demodulator

It is an essential device for internet connection.

113

MP3

Moving Pictures Experts Group Audio Layer-3

It is an audio device in computer system that uses layer III

114

MPEG

Moving Pictures Experts Group

It’s a committee form by the ISO and IEC

115

MSDN

Microsoft Developer Network

Managing the firm relationship with the developer

116

MSN

Microsoft Network

117

MSRAP

Microsoft Remote Administration Protocol

It is a method of controlling a computer from a remote location.

118

MTS

Microsoft Transaction Server

It manages the application and database transection requests on the behalf of client computer

119

MTU

Maximum Transmission Unit

It is a size of largest data protocol that can be communicated through a single line

120

NFS

Network File System

It is used in shared network to store or retrieve the data

121

NIC

Network Interface Controller

A essential hardware component by which a computer connect over a network.

122

NIIT

National Institute Of Information Technology

It was stablished in 1999. It is in New Delhi

123

NNTP

Network News Transfer Protocol

It is a network application used for transporting news articles

124

NOS

Network Operating System

This is operating system specially used to connecting computer devices in a local area network ( LAN)

125

NT

New Technology

126

NTP

Network Time Protocol

It is an internet protocol which synchronize the computer clock to the network

127

OCP

Oracle Certified Professionals

It is person that has completed certification program offered by the oracle

128

OMR

Optical Mark Recognition

It is a device which can recognize human mark

129

ONE

Open Network Architecture

It is an architecture which is open for all

130

OOAD

Object Oriented Analysis and Design

It is a structured approach for analyzing and designing a system with applying object orientation

131

Open GL

Open Graphics Library

It is the application programming interface use in 2D and 3D graphics.

132

OS

Operating System

It is the basic program of computer to perform the basic task

133

PCI

Peripheral Component Interconnect

PCI connects the peripherals to the motherboard

134

PDF

Portable Document Format

It is a file format used to exchange document reliably without any software, hardware and operating system.

135

PHP

PHP Hypertext Processor

It is programming language for general purpose.

136

PLC

Programmable Logic Controller

It is used to control automated system in the industries

137

POST

Power On Self Test

It is a routine run apply after power start

138

PPP

Peer to Peer Protocol

It is a protocol for the decentralized communication method

139

PROM

Programmable Read Only Memory

It is the memory that can be modify by the user

140

RAM

Random Access Memory

It is an internal memory of the computer.

141

RD RAM

Rambus Dynamic Random Access Memory

It’s a type of RAM made by Rambus. It is the fastest computer memory

142

R-DAT

Rotating-Head Digital Audio Tape

It is a medium of recording audio on tape on professional quality

143

RDBMS

Relational Database Management System

It is the common database stored in tabular form

144

RDO

Remote Data Objects

It is a computer program interface made by Microsoft.

145

RDP

Remote Desktop Protocol

It is a protocol which enables a remote user to add a graphics interface on desktop of another computer

146

RFC

Requests For Comments

147

ROM

Read Only Memory

It is one of the computer’s internal memory

148

RTC

Real Time Clock

It’s a highly accurate clock the keeps the track of current time.

149

RTOS

Real Time Operating System

It is operating system used for the real time analysis.

150

SAP

 System, Applications & Products

151

SD RAM

Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory

It is a type of DRAM which is synchronous with the system bus carrying data between the CPU and memory controller hub

152

S-DAT

Stationary Digital Audio Tape

153

SG RAM

Synchronous graphics Random Access memory

It is a clock synchronized random access memory.

154

SIM

Subscriber Identification Module

Generally known as SIM card it is a removable smart card for the mobile phone.

155

SIMD

Single Instruction Multiple Data

It is a process of applying single instructions on multiple data

156

SISD

single instruction stream, single data

Tis a computer system that is capable to execute single instruction.

157

SMS

Short Message Service

It is used to text in short up to 160 character.

158

SMTP

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

STMP is a standard protocol that provides the ability of sending and receiving the mails

159

SNA

System Network Architecture

It’s a mainframe networking and virtual telecommunications access method. It is developed by IBM

160

SQL

Structured Query Language

It’s a standard language used to create, maintain and retrieve the database.

161

SRAM

Static Random Access Memory

It’s a type of memory which is faster and more reliable.

162

TAPI

Telephony Application Program Interface

It is set of program application interfaces

163

TCP

Transmission Control Protocol

It is one of the internet protocol

164

TDI

Transport Data Interface

It is a method of transmitting the data over a serial digital interface data stream.

165

TPM

Tele Processing Monitor

It is a program that monitors a transaction as it passes from one stage to another.

166

UML

Unified Modelling Language

It is a professional level modelling language with very good graphics notation.

167

UNC

Universal Naming Convention

It is standard for identifying resources in a network

168

UPS

Uninterrupted Power Supply

It is an electrical equipment which supplies power to the computer in the situation of power cut

169

URL

Uniform Resource Locator

It is the address of the resource on the internet.

170

USB

Universal Serial Bus

This is used to connect different computer devices.

171

UTP

Unshielded Twisted Pair

These are the low cost twisted cables uses in LAN and telephone lines.

172

VAN

Virtual Area Network

It is a network which enables the users to share more visual sense of community

173

VB

Visual Basic

It is a programming language

174

VC++

Visual C++

It is a language which supports object oriented programming

175

VGA

Video Graphics Array

These are the standard for the screen display equipment

176

VHS

Video Home System

177

VLSI

Very Large Scale Integrated

It’s a type of circuit used in computer

178

VOIP

Voice Over Internet Protocol

It is basically a telephone connection over internet

179

VPN

Virtual Private Network

It is a technology that creates a safe and encrypted connection over a less secure network

180

VRAM

Video Random Access Memory

This is a reference for all types of random access memory

181

VRML

Virtual Reality Modelling Language

This is the programming language used for creating and displaying 3D objects

182

VSNL

Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited

It is an Indian telecommunication company

183

W3C

World Wide Web Consortium

It is an international consortium of companies.

184

WAP

Wireless Application Protocol

It is a set of protocols which enables to access the internet through mobile phones and PDAs

185

WINS

Windows Internet Name Service

It is a service by which windows are able to identify NetBIOS system on TCP/IP network

186

WML

Wireless Markup Language

It is a markup language for wireless devices also called as HDML

187

WORM

Write Once Read Many

It is a storage device in which modification is not allowed.

188

WWAN

Wireless Wide Area Network

It is a form of wireless network that provide network in a larger area.

189

WWW

World Wide Web

It is a network of online content.

190

XML

Extensible Markup Language

It’s a text based format or language used to share data on WWW.

191

ZIF

Zero Insertion Force

It is a type of an IC’s socket that is used in CPU.

192

ZIP

Zone Information Protocol

It is the way of compress the file in a small place and can be transferred easily.