The Hindu Vocabulary 25 February 2023

Word/Phrase

Part of Speech/Idiom

Meaning

Synonyms

Antonyms

Example

Dither

Verb

To act nervously

(कांपना)

Balance, Falter, Halt, Scruple, Hesitate, Fluctuate, Haver

Dive, Plunge

She dithered on seeing an operation for the first time in the hospital.

Noun

A highly nervous state.

(अडिग कार्य करना)

Agitation, Babble, Confusion

Calm, Peace, Sense

The news of the arrival of uninvited guests of our neighbour to sleepover at our house has dithered us all.

Sovereignty

Noun

Freedom from external control.

The quality of a state having supreme authority.

(प्रभुता/ प्रभुत्व)

Dominance, Jurisdiction, Supremacy, Ascendancy

Submission, Dependence, Subjection, Unfreedom

No country can accept a hit on its sovereignty.

Resolution

Noun

A firm decision to do or not to do something.

(संकल्प/ प्रस्ताव,)

The quality of being determined or resolute.

(दृढ़ निश्चयी या दृढ़ होने का गुण)

The action of solving a problem, dispute, or contentious matter.

(समाधान)

Determination, Intention, Purpose, Resolve, Pledge, Commitment, Undertaking

Indecision, Apathy, Irresolution, Flexibility, Condemnation, Denial, Origin

India decided to abstain the voting on resolution against Russia.

Criticise

Verb

To act as a critic.

To point out the faults of someone or something.

To consider the merits and demerits and judge accordingly.

(आलोचना करना)

Blame, Blast, Castigate, Excoriate, Review, Scrutinize

Approve, Commend, Compliment, Exonerate, Praise, Estimate

India has criticized many policies of the west.

Abstention

Noun

Withholding of a vote.

The act of choosing not to do something.

A formal refusal to vote on something.

(बचाव/ मतदान न करना/ भाग न लेना)

Abstinence, Avoidance, Self-restraint, Self-control

Self-indulgence

Many European nations are not happy with India’s abstention from voting against Russia.

Cessation

Noun

A final ceasing of something.

Discontinuance of something.

(समापन/ विराम)

Abeyance, Arrest, Break, Breather

Action, Activity, Advance, Beginning

The public is calling for a cessation of war.

Hostility

Noun

A hostile state or condition.

Mutual ill will.

Conflict or opposition in thought or principle.

(शत्रुता / विरोध/ बैर/ विरोधभाव)

Aggression, Animosity, Antagonism, Antipathy, Bitterness, Enmity, Estrangement, Hatred

Friendship, Happiness, Kindness, Liking, Amity

I can sense a feeling of hostility between the two friends.

Accountability

Noun

The fact or condition of being accountable; responsibility.

(जवाबदेही)

Responsibility, Liability, Answerability, Reporting, Obedience

-

You have accountability towards the work of your department.

Ally

Verb

To unite formally as by treaty or marriage.

To associate by some mutual relationship.

To enter into an alliance.

(संबद्ध करना/ जोड़ना/ मैत्री करना/ मिलाना)

Associate, Club, Coalesce, Federate, League, Conjoin, Cooperate, Unite

Break up, Disband

France is the oldest ally of the USA.

Noun

A person that is associated with another person.

(मित्र)

Associate, Accessory, Accomplice, Co-worker, Colleague, Friend, Partner

Antagonist, Enemy, Opponent, Detractor

India has formed a strong group with its allies.

Status Quo

Noun

The existing state of affairs, especially regarding social or political issues. (यथास्थिति)

Current situation, Status, Circumstances

-

The ruling party decided to maintain the status quo of the party leadership.

Amendment

Noun

The process of altering a law in a constitutional procedure.

A material that aids plant growth by improving the soil condition.

(संशोधन)

Change, Modification, reform, Remedy, Act, Bill, Measure, Motion

Damage, Harm, Injury, Repose

Many laws require amendments as per today’s demands.

Invasion

Noun

An instance of the entrance to the possession.

An instance of the entrance to take possession.

(आक्रमण/ हमला/ चढ़ाई/ धावा)

Descent, Foray, Incursion, Irruption

Obedience, Surrender, Retreat, Withdrawal

Russia’s invasion of Ukraine was opposed by all major countries of the world.

Reiterate

Verb

To say something again or several times, typically for emphasis or clarity.

(दोहराना/ बारम्बार दुहराना)

Repeat, Restate, Retell, Recapitulate, Echo, Renew, Ingeminate, Recap

Ignore, Avoid, Distract, Neglect

He reiterates his issues again and again.

Assert

Verb

State a fact or belief confidently and forcefully.

(जोर देना)

Declare, Maintain, Contend, Argue, State, Claim, Propound

Shun, Evade, Avoid, Neglect, Eschew, Elude, Ignore

The government asserted that the new laws would not affect the farmers in a negative way.

Cite

Verb

To call upon officially or authoritatively to appear (as before a court)

(अदालत में तलब करना)

Call, Order, Command, Summon

Ignore

The court summons has cited three accused to be present in the court.

To quote by way of example, authority or proof

(उदाहरणार्थ प्रस्तुत करना)

Allege, Allude to, Indicate, Mention, Offer

Conceal, Deny, Take, Withhold

The article has been cited by many papers.

Mediation

Noun

The act of mediating such as intervention between two conflicting parties.

The action of mediating between two parties.

(मध्यस्थता/ दलाली)

Arbitration, Conciliation, Intervention, Negotiation

Argument, Contention, Disagreement, Fight

Mediation by India is very much required in resolving the Ukraine-Russia dispute.

Sanction

Noun

Official permission or approval for an action.

(प्रतिबंध)

Authorization, Consent, Leave, Permission, Authority

Prohibition, Ban, Prohibit, Obstruct, Hinder

There are many sanctions that are being put on Russia.  

Verb

To approve.

(आज्ञा देना)

Accredit, Approve, Clear, Warrant

Decline, Deny, Negative, Turn

The funds have been sanctioned by the accounts department.

Era

Noun

A long and distinct period of history with a particular feature or characteristic.

(युग)

Epoch, Age, Period, Time, Span

-

The Modi era has been a golden one for India’s foreign policy.

Unilateral

Adjective

Relating to only one side.

Undertaken by one person or party.

Having only one side.

(एक तरफा/ एकांगी)

One-sided, Independent

Bilateral, Plurilateral, Multilateral

If you take unilateral decisions, then we would not support you.

Territorial

Adjective

Associated with a particular area or territory.

(क्षेत्रीय)

Provincial, Sectional, National

Universal

There are some territorial disputes between Vietnam and its neighbours.

Noun

A member of the territorial army.

(प्रादेशिक सेना के एक सदस्य)

-

-

Rajesh has become a territorial person.

Integrity

Noun

Quality of being honest and having strong moral principles.

(सत्यनिष्ठा)

Honesty, Probity, Uprightness, Righteousness, Sincerity

Deceit, Dishonesty, Corruption, Disgrace

Sneha is a woman of integrity.

The state of being whole, entire, or undiminished

(अखंडता)

Unity, Wholeness, Coherence, Solidarity, Coalition

Disunity, Incompleteness

We all work towards protecting the integrity of our nation.