The Hindu Vocabulary 15 May 2022

Word/Phrase

Part of Speech/Idiom

Meaning

Synonyms

Antonyms

Example

Enhance

Verb

Improve

(सुधारना)

Add to, Augment, Boost, Raise, Build up, Complement

Decrease, Diminish, Discourage, Hurt, Lessen

I need your support to enhance my ability to perform better in my studies.

Pandemic

Adjective

Universal

(सर्वव्यापी महामारी)

Board, Common, Comprehensive, Generic

Abnormal, Exclusive, Incomplete, Infrequent

It has been the third year of the COVID-19 pandemic and we are still fighting against it.

Reform

Noun

The action or process of reforming an institution or practice.

(सुधार)

Improvement, Betterment, Amelioration, Refinement, Change

-

Reforms are required in the UN Security Council.

Verb

Make changes in (something, typically a social, political, or economic institution or practice) in order to improve it.

(सुधार करना)

Amend, Improve, Rebuild, Rehabilitate, Remake, Renovate

Break, Damage, Destroy, Ruin, Harm, Hurt

The sudden reform in his behavior surprised us.

Strengthen

Verb

Make or become stronger.

(मजबूत बनाना)

Enhance, Encourage, Restore, Toughen, Uphold

Discourage, Dishearten, Dissuade, Fail

The government needs to strengthen the statutory bodies.

Outbreak

Noun

A sudden occurrence of something unwelcome, such as war or disease.

(प्रकोप)

Eruption, Upsurge, Flare-up, Epidemic, Breakout, Outburst, Blaze

-

A major outbreak of the new disease occurred in the country.

Delay

Verb

Cause stop in action

Adjourn, Block, Defer, Hamper, Withhold

Abandon, Advance, Aid, Allow, Assist

He delayed the entire process because of his stubbornness.

Noun

Deferment

Lag, Postponement, Problem, Setback, Stoppage

Continuation, Advance, Aid, Assistance, Help

There shall be no delay in providing essential medicines.

Reluctance

Adjective

Unwilling and hesitant; disinclined.

(अनिच्छुक)

Unwilling, Disinclined, Grudging, Resistant, Resisting

Willing, Eager, Ready, Prepared, Disposed, Inclined

Your reluctance to the new ideas is not acceptable.

Vital

Adjective

Absolutely necessary; essential.

(महत्वपूर्ण)

Essential, Indispensable, Crucial, Key, Necessary, Needed

Unimportant, Peripheral, Secondary, Optional, Discretionary

The two security forces agreed to share vital information related to the case.

Stubborn

Adjective

Having or showing dogged determination not to change one's attitude or position on something, especially in spite of good arguments or reasons to do so.

(हठी)

Adamant, Determined, Dogged, Inflexible, Willful

Flexible, Irresolute, Kind, Nice, Pliable, Reasonable

Shiela is very stubborn.

Mandatory

Adjective

Compulsory or required by law.

 (अनिवार्य)

Binding, Compulsory, Obligatory, Essential, Forced, Imperative

Free, Inessential, Optional, Secondary, Voluntary

It is mandatory to carry admit card in the exam hall.

Voluntary

Adjective

Done, given, or acting of one's own free will.

(स्वैच्छिक)

Spontaneous, Chosen, Free, Independent, Volunteer, Freely

Forced, Involuntary, Obligatory, Unwilling

He wants to make a voluntary contribution to the project.

Penalty

Noun

A punishment imposed for breaking a law, rule, or contract.

(दंड)

Cost, Discipline, Fine, Forfeiture, Damages

Award, Reward, Advantage, Benefit, Gain

RBI imposed a penalty on various banks for non-compliance.

Traverse

Verb

Extend across or through.

(विस्तार करना)

Cross, Bridge, Span, Extend

Confine, Restrict, Restrain, Hold

I traversed the national park.

Glitch

Noun

A sudden, usually temporary malfunction or fault of equipment.

(गड़बड़)

Defect, Fault, Snag, Error, Mistake, Blunder, Inaccuracy, Bug

Merit, Strength, Power, Influence, Supremacy, Dominance

There will be a delay in the process due to a technical glitch.

Underscore

Verb

To emphasize.

(ज़ोर देना)

Highlight, Spotlight, Stress, Weight, Accentuate, Prioritize

Understate, Play down, Downplay, Underrate

The minister underscored the need for allocating more funds to the scheme.

Naive

Adjective

Person or action showing a lack of experience, wisdom, or judgment.

(अनाड़ी)

Innocent, Simple, Sincere, Ignorant

Aware, Knowledgeable, Sophisticated, Skeptical

Don’t be so naïve, act smartly.

Efficacy

Noun

Productiveness

(प्रभावकारिता)

Adequacy, Competence, Effectiveness, Potency

Inadequacy, Ineffectiveness, Failure, Idleness

The efficacy of the new vaccine needs to be ensured.