The Hindu Vocabulary 20 April 2022

Word/Phrase

Part of Speech/Idiom

Meaning

Synonyms

Antonyms

Example

Recommendation

Noun

The act of recommending

(सिफ़ारिश करना)

Endorsement, Guidance, Instruction, Judgment, Order, Proposal, Proposition

Disapproval, Opposition, Refusal, Rejection

The recommendations of the finance commission were accepted by the government.

Ensure

Verb

To secure or make certain.

To guarantee.

(सुनिश्चित करना)

Assure, Guarantee, Secure, Protect

Endanger, Harm, Ignore, Injure

The teacher ensured the students that the syllabus would be completed in time.

Viability

Noun

The ability to live or grow under specific conditions.

The ability to sustain.

(जीवन क्षमता)

Activity, Growth, Soul, Body, Existence, Living, Man, Survival

Apathy, Inactivity, Indifference, Dullness, Abstract, Concept

The viability of your product is yet to see.

Spectrum

Noun

A wide range.

(स्पेक्ट्रम)

Gamut, Sweep, Scope, Span, Scale, Variety

-

There were beautiful dupattas in all the colors of the spectrum at the fair.

Auction

Noun

A public sale in which goods or property are sold to the highest bidder.

(नीलामी)

Sell-off, Bargain, Jam

-

I participated in the auction of a beautiful diamond necklace.

Trigger

Verb

Cause to happen

(उत्तेजित करना)

Bring about, Generate, Cause, Provoke

Destroy, Prevent, End, Halt

The teacher’s action triggered disappointment among the students.

Relevant

Adjective

Appropriate

(प्रासंगिक)

Admissible, Applicable, Consistent, Compatible

Improper, Inapplicable, Incompatible, Trivial, Unacceptable

Is this book relevant for the preparation of IIT JEE Mains?

Counter

Noun

A long flat-topped fixture in a store or bank across which business is conducted with customers.

(काउंटर)

The act of making an attack while parrying one

Counteraction, Counterforce, Offset, Neutralizer

-

He kept the money on the counter and left.

Verb

Speak or act in opposition to.

(विरोध करना)

Counteract, Foil, Offset, Oppose, Resist, Respond

Aid, Assist, Help, Support, Agree

It is very difficult to counter his arguments.

Adverb

In the opposite direction to or in conflict with.

(विपरीत दिशा में)

Opposite, Against, Contrarily, Conversely, Versus

Equally, Same, Similarly

His actions were counter to his words.

Adjective

Responding to something of the same kind, especially in opposition.

(एक ही तरह की किसी बात का जवाब देना, खासकर विपक्ष में।)

Antithetical, Antipodal, Conflicting, Contrary, Converse

Agreeing, Harmonious, Similar, Concurring, Equal

His counter-attack on the rivals shook them.

Unveiled

Verb

Remove a veil or covering from, in particular uncover (a new monument or work of art) as part of a public ceremony.

(अनावरण करना)

Reveal, Disclose, Open, Tell, Expose, Uncover, Discover

Conceal, Cover, Hide, Secrete, Withhold, Protect

A 108 ft tall statue was unveiled by PM Modi.

Acknowledge

Verb

Accept or admit the existence or truth of.

Recognize the fact or importance or quality of.

(स्वीकार करना)

Accept, Defend, Endorse, Recognize, Agree, Support

Contradict, Decline, Deny, Disagree, Disapprove, Dispute

He acknowledged the fact that there is cut-throat competition in the market.

Protracted

Adjective

Lasting for a long time or longer than expected or usual/ Chronic

(दीर्घ)

Enduring, Continued, Extensive, Prolonged, Continuous

Ceasing, Halting, Intermittent, Infrequent

The protracted war finally came to an end.

Distress

Noun

Hardship

(संकट)

Adversity, Calamity, Destitution, Difficulty

Abundance, Advantage, Benefit, Blessing, Ease

Rising fuel prices have caused distress among the general public.

Undermine

Verb

Lessen the effectiveness, power, or ability of, especially gradually or insidiously.

(दुर्बल करना)

Subvert, Sabotage, Threaten, Weaken, Diminish

Push, Urge, Stimulate, Boost, Enhance, Improve, Strengthen

His decision has undermined his plans to pursue MBA.

Affordable

Adjective

inexpensive; reasonably priced.

(सस्ती)

Cheap, Low-priced, Economical, Economic

Expensive, Costly, Dear, High-cost, Exorbitant

Education in private higher institutions is not affordable for the lower middle and lower class.

Encourage

Verb

Give support, confidence, or hope to (someone).

(प्रोत्साहित करना)

Hearten, Cheer, Uplift, Motivate, Stir up, Stimulate, Fortify

Cease, Decrease, Disapprove, Dissuade, Dishearten, Halt

He encouraged me to participate in the cycling competition.

Cite

Verb

cite or appeal to.

(आह्वान)

Adduce, Invoke, Instance, Evoke

Waive, Relinquish, Abandon, Reject, Disregard, Forgo

He cited my name in his research paper.

Discretionary

Adjective

Left to individual judgment.

Subject to one’s own decision.

(विवेकाधीन)

Unrestricted, Leftover, Elective, Optional

Compulsory, Mandatory, Obligatory, Nondiscretionary

The Constitution of India provides certain discretionary powers to the President.

Abandon

Verb

Leave behind

(छोड़ देना)

Desert, Discard, Discontinue, Ditch, Drop out, Leave

Advance, Allow, Begin, Come, Continue, Maintain

He abandoned his child to protect his life.

Underscore

Verb

Emphasize.

(बल देना)

Highlight, Point up, Spotlight, Foreground, Stress

Understate, Play down, Downplay, Underrate

He underscored the need to tighten security.

Obviate

Verb

Remove a need or difficulty

(मुक्त हो जाना)

Counteract, Forestall, Preclude, Anticipate, Deter, Hinder, Avert

Support, Aid, Allow, Assist, Encourage, Help

Earthquake resilient structures can obviate the impacts of disaster.

Malfeasance

Noun

Wrongdoing, especially by a public official

(दुराचार)

Impropriety, Misbehaviour, Misconduct, Delinquency

-

The minister ordered to track the officials involved in malfeasance.

Optimum

Adjective

Most conducive to a favorable outcome

(अनुकूलतम)

Ace, Capital, Choice, Maximum, Ideal, Most favourable

Least, Poorest, Worst

The business runs best on optimum utilization of resources.

Constrain

Verb

Compel or force someone to follow a particular course of action

(विवश करना)

Coerce, Drive, Impel, Oblige, Pressure, Require, Push

Allow, Assist, Encourage, Free, Release, Delay, Help

The government has the power to constrain data access.

Insist

Verb

Demand something forcefully, not accepting refusal.

(इस बात पर जोर)

Hold, Persist, Exhort, Demand, Persevere, Persist, Demand

Quit, Give up, Abandon, Cease, Stop

The child insisted on buying the new toy.

Disruptions

Noun

The act of disrupting something.

The forcible separation into parts.

(विघटन/ भंग/ विच्छेद/ विदारण/ दुर्घटना/ दरार)

Interruption, Separation, Splitting, Severance, Break, Confusion, Disturbance, Agitation, Disorder

Calm, Order, System, Organization, Method

The storm caused disruptions in telecommunication services.