The Hindu Vocabulary 4 January 2023

Word/Phrase

Part of Speech/Idiom

Meaning

Synonyms

Antonyms

Example

Deferential

Adjective

Showing or expressing respect and high regard.

(सविनय/ आदरसूचक)

Civil, Courteous, Obedient, Polite

Disobedient, Impolite, Rude, Uncivil

We liked the hotel and their deferential treatment of ours.

Judgment

Noun

The ability to make considered decisions or come to sensible conclusions.

(निर्णय)

Discernment, Acumen, Shrewdness, Common sense, Perception

Ignorance, Stupidity, Inability, Misunderstanding, Ineptness

People were not happy with the court’s judgment.

Demonetization

Noun

The withdrawal of a coin, note, or precious metal from use as a legal tender.

(चलन बन्द करना/ विमुद्रीकरण)

-

-

Demonetization of Rs. 500 and Rs. 1000 notes in India was approved by Narendra Modi.

Uphold

Verb

To give support or defend.

(बरकरार रखा)

Confirm, Defend, Support, Back, Promote

Attack, Deny, Oppose, Protest

The elected members take an oath to uphold the constitution.

Accountable

Adjective

Subject to the obligation to report or responsibility.

Capable of being explained.

(उत्तरदायी/ जवाबदार)

Answerable, Culpable, Obligated, Liable

Unaccountable, Innocent, Irresponsible, Blameless

The High court will decide that who was accountable for the quality of work.

Instance

Noun

A case or occurrence of anything.

(उदाहरण)

Case, Example, Illustration, Prototype

Hide

The cases of accidents during fog is an instance that reminds us of lights requirement across highways in India.

Verb

To illustrate or mention as an example.

(उदाहरण के रूप में उद्धृत करें)

Adduce, Cite, Mention, Quote

Hide

Shreya instanced her experience in London while we were discussing Britishers.

Intervention

Noun

The action or process of intervening.

(हस्तक्षेप)

Interference, Mediation, Arbitration, Intercession

-

He was not enjoying his work because of interventions from his boss.

Judicial

Adjective

About court proceedings.

Ordered by the court.

Sanctioned by a court.

Giving judgment.

Inclined to make judgments.

By a court or a judge.

(अदालती/ न्यायतंत्र/ न्यायालय-संबंधी)

Juridical, Administrative, Authoritative, Constitutional

Illegal

The Judge has passed a judicial order to grant my brother bail.

Palpable

Adjective

Readily seen.

Capable of being touched or felt.

(स्पष्ट/ स्पर्शनीय)

Apparent, Certain, Conspicuous, Evident, Substantial, Tactile

Ambiguous, Concealed, Dubious, Abstract

There are palpable differences between the couple.

Arbitrary

Adjective

Existing by chance or unreasonable act of will.

Not restrained in the exercise of power.

Subject to individual judgment without restriction.

Having unlimited power.

(मनमाना/ विवेकाधीन/ एकपक्षीय)

Capricious, Discretionary, Erratic, Frivolous, Inconsistent, Irrational, Irresponsible, Random, Subjective, Autocratic, Absolute, Bossy, Despotic

Consistent, Definite, Regular, Reliable, Sensible, Dependable, Logical, Reasonable, Circumspect, Rational, Democratic

The manager took an arbitrary decision while working on the project.

Patently

Adverb

Obviously.

Without doubt.

(साफ़ तौर पर)

Clearly, Evidently, Officially, Plainly

Vaguely, Dubiously, Equivocally, Improbably

All his claims were patently false.

Backdrop

Verb

To provide background for something.

(पृष्ठभूमि प्रदान करन)

Background, Culture

-

The comments of the movie actors have backdropped the situation.

Noun

Background for something.

(पृष्ठभूमि)

Background, Ground, Scenery, Scrim

-

The backdrop for the photo shoot was a natural fountain in the jungle.

Conservative

Adjective

Tending to maintain existing views.

Marked by moderation.

Cautiously Moderate.

Traditional in style.

(अनुदार/ रूढ़िवादी/ रूढ़ि-प्रिय)

Traditional, Cautious, Constant, Conventional, Firm, Reactionary, Right

Incautious, Changeable, Unfixed, Inconstant, Progressive, Liberal

Many people in our country have conservative views of issues.

Noun

One who is adherent to political conservatism.

One who adheres to traditional methods.

(अपरिवर्तनवादी/ अनुदारपंथी/ रूढ़िवादी व्यक्ति/ दकियानुसी)

Right-winger, Traditionalist, Tory, Classicist, Rightist, Conserver, Preserver

Left-winger, Progressive, Radical, Liberal

He has become a famous leader among conservative political supporters.

Uncritical

Adjective

Not critical.

Showing a lack of proper use of critical standards.

Not inclined to judge.

Undiscriminating.

(हितैषी/ नेकदिल)

Cursory, Perfunctory, Careless, Imprecise

Critical, Discriminating, Formal, Fussy

The uncritical support of the MLA for the measure reflects his poor judgment.

Endorsement

Noun

Approval or sanction.

An action or statement which shows that you support or approve of something or someone.

(अनुमोदन/ समर्थन/ पुष्टि/ तसदीक़)

Advocacy, Affirmation, Approval, Backing

Denial, Disapproval, Disfavour, Opposition

Celebrities charge in crores for a two-minute endorsement.

Enormous

Adjective

Greatly exceeding the common size.

Marked by extraordinary number.

(विशाल/ बहुत बड़ा/ असाधारण/ अमित)

Colossal, Excessive, Gargantuan, Gigantic, Huge, Humongous, Immense, Mammoth

Common, Insignificant, Little, Miniature

We were stunned after seeing an enormous statue of Sardar Patel.

Entail

Verb

To cause as a consequence.

To impose as a necessary accompaniment. (असंतोष/ वैमनस्य/ अमित्रता/ नाराज़गी)

Necessitate, Encompass, Cause, Demand

Exclude, Omit

Demonetization was a decision that might have entailed a huge political risk.

Hardship

Noun

A condition that is difficult.

Something that causes suffering.

(कष्ट)

Adversity, Calamity, Catastrophe, Danger

Advantage, Aid, Assistance, Benefit

Kritika’s life was full of hardships.

Substantial

Adjective

Of considerable amount.

Of real worth or importance.

Not imaginary.

Firmly constructed.

(संतोषजनक/ वास्तविक/ भौतिक/ वस्तुगत)

Big, Consequential, Earthshaking, Eventful, Major, Momentous, Significant, Weighty, Extraordinary, Massive

Broken, Inconsiderable, Insignificant, Intermittent

They have spent a substantial amount of time before marriage to know each other.

Legitimate

Verb

To make lawful.

To establish as lawfully born.

(न्याय्य करना/ कानूनी करना)

Legitimize, Privilege, License, Entitle

Invalidate, Disqualify, Proscribe, Disempower

He is seeking legal help to legitimate his business.

Adjective

According to the law.

In accordance with established law.

(वैध/ कानूनी)

Appropriate, Certain, Consistent, Correct

Abnormal, Affected, Counterfeit, Deceptive

He is a good citizen and only gets involved with legitimate businesses.

Nexus

Noun

A means of connection.

A connected group or series.

(बंधन/ संबंध)

Catena, Catenation

Divorce, Exterior

The nexus between a son and mother is unbreakable.

Intrusive

Adjective

Causing disruption through being unwelcome.

Characterized through intrusion.

Projecting inward.

(दखल)

Invasive, Nosy, Meddlesome, Forward

Unobtrusive

He has an intrusive nature that makes him less liked by his peers.

Anticipate

Verb

To foresee.

To look forward to.

To nullify by taking countermeasures.

To expect something.

To perform an action before another has acted.

(पूर्वानुमान करना/ प्रत्याशा करना/ पहले ही विचार कर लेना) 

Await, Expect, Hope, Assume, Forecast, See, Visualize, Forestall, Prevent

Doubt, Surprised, Amazed, Allow, Forward

Suraj anticipated that there is going to be a hailstorm today.

Ruinous

Adjective

Tending to bring ruin.

Fallen into ruin.

Causing ruin.

A process or course of action that is likely to ruin.

(खंडहर वाला/ विनाश वाला/ पतन वाला/ नाश वाला)

Calamitous, Cataclysmic, Catastrophic, Crippling

Favourable, Fortunate, Harmless, Healthful

Their house has fallen into a ruinous state.

Dissent

Noun

The holding or expression of opinions at variance with those commonly or officially held.

(मतभेद)

Disagreement, Argument, Dispute, Demur, Objection, Protest

Agreement, Acceptance, Accord, Concurrence, Consensus, Accordance

He dissented from his business partners on the decision to sell alcohol in their restaurant.

Extinguish

Verb

To put out a fire or light.

To put an end.

To obscure as by superior brilliance.

To cause to cease burning.

(बुझाना/ नष्ट करना/समाप्त करना/ मिटा देना)

Douse, Quench, Smother, Choke, Abate, Annihilate, Destroy, Eliminate

Start, Bear, Create, Light, Build, Construct, Uncompress, Light

He extinguished the candle.

Immense

Adjective

Huge or very great.

(अत्यधिक)

Colossal, Enormous, Galactic, Mammoth

Bantam, Diminutive, Teensy, Wee

He has achieved immense success in his field.

Flaw

Noun

A feature that defects the perfection of something.

A defect in physical form or structure.

(गलती/ दोष/ खोट/ नुक्स)

Blemish, Bug, Defect, Failing

Advantage, Blessing, Perfection, Strength

He identified all the flaws in the project.

Verb

To make a flaw.

(गलती करना/ किसी चीज में कोई खोट निकालना)

-

-

The incident has flawed the event.