The Hindu Vocabulary 10 February 2023

Word/Phrase

Part of Speech/Idiom

Meaning

Synonyms

Antonyms

Example

Articulate

Verb

To give clear utterance to words.

To utter distinctly.

To pronounce clearly.

To unite as if using a joint.

To define something.

(साफ़ साफ़ बोलना/ सन्धियुक्त/ जोड़ा हुआ/ गाँठदार)

Enunciate, Express, Utter, Mouth, Concatenate, Hinge

Ask, Question, Bumble, Disconnect, Listen, Disconnect, Disjoin, Divide

Our employer articulated various messages regarding increasing efficiency.

Adjective

Uttered clearly.

Expressing oneself clearly.

Able to speak.

(स्पष्ट/ व्यक्त)

Coherent, Eloquent, Expressive, Fluent

Inarticulate, Unclear, Unintelligible, Misrepresented

We need some articulate speakers for the programme.

Optimism

Noun

An attitude reflecting a belief or hope that the outcome of some specific endeavour.

(आशावाद)

Certainty, Anticipation, Trust, Cheerfulness, Easiness

Depression, Distrust, Fear, Uncertainty, Gloom

The government expressed optimism regarding the economy of the country.

Rehtoric

Noun

The art or ability to use language effectively.

(भाषण कला)

Hyperbole, Oratory, Address, Bombast

Quiet, Conciseness

Global leaders are ramping up the harsh rhetoric against Russia to pressurize it to stop the war.

Inflation

Noun

A continuous rise in the price level related attributed to an increase in the volume of money.

(मुद्रास्फीति)

Boom, Expansion, Hike, Rise, Affectation

Abridgment, Compression, Reduction, Deflation

The government is taking various steps to ease inflation.

Autocracy

Noun

a system of government by one person with absolute power.

(एकतंत्र)

Absolutism, Monocracy, Totalitarianism, Dictatorship, Tyranny

-

Many working class people rejected autocracy and promoted democracy.

Pitch

Noun

The quality of a sound governed by the rate of vibrations producing it; the degree of highness or lowness of a tone.

(आवाज़ का उतार-चढ़ाव)

The steepness of a slope, especially of a roof.

(ऊंचाई)

Tone, Timbre, Sound, Key, Tonality, Modulation, Frequency

Steepness, Angle, Gradiant, Slope

Pitch depends on the frequency of the sound.

Verb

A form of words used when trying to persuade someone to buy or accept something.

(किसी को कुछ खरीदने या स्वीकार करने के लिए राजी करने की कोशिश करते समय प्रयुक्त शब्दों का एक रूप)

Cast, Launch, Peg, Toss

He pitched his ideas for the new project.

Invasion

Noun

An instance of the entrance to the possession.

An instance of the entrance to take possession.

(आक्रमण/ हमला/ चढ़ाई/ धावा)

Descent, Foray, Incursion, Irruption

Obedience, Surrender, Retreat, Withdrawal

The invasion of Crimea by Russia was opposed by all NATO countries.

Sovereignty

Verb

Freedom from external control.

The quality of a state having supreme authority.

(प्रभुता/ प्रभुत्व)

Dominance, Jurisdiction, Supremacy, Ascendancy

Submission, Dependence, Subjection, Unfreedom

Ukraine has reaffirmed that it will do everything to protect its sovereignty.

Resolutely

Adverb

In an admirably purposeful, determined, and unwavering manner.

(सख्ती)

Bravely, Firmly, Decisively, Steadfastly

He resolutely refused to be ragged by the seniors.

Decisively

Adverb

In a way that shows the ability to make decisions quickly and effectively.

(दृढ़तापूर्वक)

Absolutely, Exactly, Clearly, Distinctly, Positively

Doubtfully

You need to act more decisively as you are under surveillance.

Guardrails

Noun

A rail that prevents people from falling off or being hit by something.

(रेलिंग)

Railing, Bannister

-

RBI acts as guardrail for commercial banks in India.

Escalation

Noun

An increase in intensity.

(वृद्धि)

Enlargement, Expansion, Growth, Rise

Decrease, Abatement, Compressing, Condensation

The delayed response from the government led to the escalation of the issue.

Deterioration

Noun

The process of becoming progressively worse.

(बिगड़ना)

Decline, Degradation, Depreciation, Devaluation, Disintegration

Increase, Improvement, Ascent, Development, Growth

The deterioration of water quality in Yamuna has raised alarms.