Banking Awareness of 1, 2, 3 and 4 December 2025

Topic: Indian Economy/Financial Market

1. Factory output in India declined to 0.4% in October 2025.

• The Statistics Ministry reported that the factory output, measured by the Index of Industrial Production (IIP), is lowest in 13 months.
• The industrial output eased sharply from 4.6% in September.
• Fewer working days because of a number of festivals in the October led to the decline.
• Manufacturing output declined to 1.8% in October from 4.4 per cent in the year-ago month.
• Manufacturing output was much lower than the growth seen a year earlier.
• Mining output declined by 1.8% in October. This decline was against a growth of 0.9% recorded a year ago. 
• Electricity production declined by 6.9% in October 2025. This decline was against a growth of 2% recorded a year ago. 
• Consumer durables (including cars and phones) output fell by 0.5% against a strong revised growth of 10% in September.
• Production of consumer non-durables, such as food items and toiletries, declined 4.4%.
• Capital goods output grew by 2.4% year-on-year in October.
• Industrial production for April–October of FY26 declined 2.7%. from the 4% growth recorded a year ago.

Topic: Reports and Indices

2. RBI said that a 13% increase has been reported in the consumer complaints in FY25 under the Ombudsman scheme. 

• In a report, RBI said a surge has been seen in grievances against private sector lenders and small finance banks.
• Reserve Bank Integrated Ombudsman Scheme received 13.34 lakh complaints in FY25.
• These complaints were more than 11.75 lakh complaints received in FY24.
• The growth in consumer complaints has fell sharply from 33% in FY24.
• According to the Annual Report of the Reserve Bank - Integrated Ombudsman Scheme, 2021, 2.96 lakh complaints were received by 24 Offices of the RBI Ombudsman (ORBIOs). 
• Over 9.11 lakh complaints were received by Centralised Receipt and Processing Centre (CRPC).
• Out of these, Offices of the RBI Ombudsman (ORBIOs) and the Consumer Education and Protection Cells (CEPCs) received  1,08,331 and 10,589 complaints, respectively, for further action.
• At CRPC, remaining 7.76 lakh complaints were disposed as non-complaints/non-maintainable complaints. 
• Loans and advances related grievances were the highest in FY25.
• Complaints related to credit cards were the second-highest contributor to complaints.
• Mobile/electronic banking related complaints at Offices of the RBI Ombudsman declined by 12.74 per cent year-on-year.
• Complaints against the banks accounted for 81.53% of complaints received by the ORBIOs.
• The complaints against banks were followed by NBFC, accounting for 14.80% during FY25.
• Among banks, private sector banks received the highest share of complaints. Their complaint stood at 37.5% in FY25.
• The state-owned banks saw 8.45% decrease in the complaints to ORBIOs.

Topic: RBI

3. Five-year national financial inclusion strategy has been released by RBI governor.

• 'National Strategy for Financial Inclusion (NSFI): 2025-30' promotes an ecosystem-based approach to improve last-mile access to financial services.
• The strategy also aims to enhance the regular and effective use of these services.
• The strategy provides five major goals under the ‘Panch-Jyoti’ framework.
• The strategy includes 47 action steps to achieve them.
• The strategy adopts a gender-sensitive approach to support women-led financial inclusion.
• It also adopts differentiated strategies for tailored measures to strengthen the financial resilience of vulnerable households.
• It aims to expand access to affordable, appropriate, and responsible financial products.
• It focuses on both households and micro-enterprises.
• The Panch-Jyoti framework also aims to link livelihood development and skill-building initiatives with financial inclusion.
• RBI Governor Sanjay Malhotra stated that the earlier five-year plan, which ended in 2024, achieved its objectives.
• The strategy has been developed under the aegis of the Technical Group on Financial Inclusion and Financial Literacy (TGFIFL).

Topic: Appointments

4. Usha Janakiraman has been appointed as Executive Director at the RBI.

• Janakiraman's appointment has become effective from 01 December.  
• Janakiraman was serving as Chief General Manager-in-Charge, Department of Regulation.
• Janakiraman has over 30 years of experience in RBI. Her experience spans across regulation, external investments, supervision, public debt, currency management, and other areas.
• Janakiraman was a part of the core team that contributed to consolidation of over 9,000 RBI circulars into a streamlined set of 244.
• As Executive Director, Janakiraman will oversee the Department of Supervision (Risk, Analytics and Vulnerability Assessment).
• Janakiraman is a Chartered Accountant by qualification.

Topic: Banking System

5. According to report released by NPCI, UPI transaction volumes grew about 32% year-on-year in November 2025.

• The unified payments interface (UPI) transactions crossed 19 billion transfers during November 2025.
• The unified payments interface (UPI) registered 22 per cent annual growth in transactions.
• NPCI data shows the average daily value of UPI payments reached about ₹87,721 crore in November.
• Daily transaction counts averaged roughly 682 million in November. This was slightly higher than the 668 million recorded in October.
• In October, UPI logged around 20.7 billion transactions. This reflected nearly 25% annual growth in transaction count.
• Transaction value in October grew about 16% year-on-year to ₹27.28 lakh crore.
• UPI continued to dominate digital payments in India.
• Total transactions in the first half of 2025 reached 106.36 billion. This represented about 35% year-on-year growth.

Topic: Infrastructure and Energy

6. Delhi IGI Airport declared India’s first high-capacity water-positive airport.

• Delhi’s IGI Airport was declared India’s first high-capacity airport to achieve “water-positive” status, marking a major step in sustainable water management.
• The airport was recognised at the Water Innovation Summit 2025 for meeting Scope I Water Neutrality under the NITI Aayog–CII Framework.
• GMR Aero-led Delhi International Airport Limited (DIAL) said that Indira Gandhi International Airport has transformed from a groundwater-scarce place to one that replenishes more water than it uses.
• Years of work in conservation, restoration and monitoring were acknowledged as the foundation for this achievement.
• Over 625 rainwater-harvesting structures and two underground reservoirs with a capacity of 9 million litres are now operating on the campus.
• A 16.6 MLD zero-liquid-discharge sewage treatment plant recycles all airport wastewater for HVAC, landscaping, toilet flushing and other non-potable uses.
• Water-efficient infrastructure such as drip and sprinkler systems have been deployed across landscaped areas to reduce wastage.
• DIAL stated that the water-neutrality assessment recognised IGIA’s measurement systems, watershed-level restoration work and conservation efforts.
• CEO Videh Kumar Jaipuriar said that becoming water-positive reflects the company’s commitment to responsible resource use and strengthens IGIA’s path toward net-zero goals.

Topic: MoUs/Agreements

7. The loan agreements worth over $800 million signed between India and ADB.

• Three loan agreements worth over 800 million US dollars have been signed by the Government and the Asian Development Bank (ADB) for projects in Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat.
• The agreements were formalised by Deputy Secretary, Department of Economic Affairs, Saurabh Singh and ADB Country Director Mio Oka.
• A 500-million-dollar loan has been approved for the Maharashtra Power Distribution Enhancement Program for Agricultural Solarization.
• The programme aims to enhance distributed renewable energy generation and improve agricultural productivity.
• Over 190 million dollars will support the construction of an 8.62-km underground metro line in Indore with seven stations.
• The new metro line will connect congested parts of the city to the airport to ease mobility.
• A 110-million-dollar agreement has been approved for Gujarat’s Skill Development Programme.
• The programme aims to equip the workforce with advanced, industry-aligned skills in high-growth sectors.
• Additionally, a $1 million technical assistance grant was also signed to help implement the upcoming Sustainable Wetlands and Integrated Fisheries Transformation Project in Assam.

Topic: Awards and Prizes

8. Jay Shah has received the CNN-News18 Indian of the Year 2025 award.

• Jay Shah received the award in the Outstanding Achievement category.
• The award recognises his major influence in shaping the future of global cricket.
• The award acknowledges his work in strengthening governance and supporting the rise of new cricketing nations.
• He has pushed for a strong expansion of women’s cricket.
• Shah has helped modernise cricket’s commercial ecosystem.
• Women’s cricket was a key focus. The event followed the conclusion of the ICC Women’s Cricket World Cup 2025.
• India’s women’s team had recently won the World Cup.
• Captain Harmanpreet Kaur, coach Amol Muzumdar, and several players received the Indian of the Year Award in the Sports category.