Daily Current Affairs and GK | 28 May 2025

By Priyanka Chaudhary | Last Modified: 28 May 2025 15:39 PM IST

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Topic: Awards and Prizes

1. The 2025 Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics honors the authors of scientific papers based on data from CERN’s Large Hadron Collider Run-2.

  • This data was collected between 2015 and July 15, 2024.
  • The award recognizes the accomplishments of CERN’s four major experimental collaborations: ATLAS, CMS, ALICE, and LHCb.
  • The $3 million prize will support grants for doctoral students from participating institutions.
  • These grants allow students to conduct research at CERN.
  • Thousands of scientists contributed to these experiments.
  • There were over 5,300 researchers in A Toroidal LHC ApparatuS (ATLAS), 4,500 in CMS (Compact Muon Solenoid) experiments, nearly 1,900 in ALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment), and around 1,700 in LHCb.
  • Indian researchers played an important role in the success of the ALICE and CMS collaborations.
  • India’s relationship with CERN began in the 1960s.
  • Scientists from TIFR conducted early experiments with particle beams.
  • In the 1980s and 1990s, Indian contributions expanded into hardware, software, and heavy ion physics experiments.
  • In 1991, India’s Department of Atomic Energy signed a formal cooperation agreement with CERN.
  • This was strengthened by a 2009 Memorandum of Understanding to enhance collaboration in technology, research, and training.
  • India was granted Observer status at CERN in 2002. It became an Associate Member in 2017.
  • In 2004, India gifted CERN a statue of the deity Shiva Nataraja.
  • The statue represents the cosmic dance of particles studied at CERN.
  • Indian teams from BARC Mumbai and RRCAT Indore made critical contributions to the LHC’s construction.
  • This includes precision components for cryogenics and superconducting magnets.
  • Indian scientists led the design, construction, and commissioning of key ALICE detectors.
  • These include the Photon Multiplicity Detector and Muon Spectrometer, crucial for studying quark-gluon plasma.
  • Top Indian scientific leaders praised the Breakthrough Prize.
  • Looking ahead, India is preparing to contribute to ALICE’s new Forward Calorimeter detector.
  • This will allow precision measurements of photons and neutral pions.
  • The 2025 Breakthrough Prize honors the global teamwork behind ALICE and CMS.

Topic: State News/Madhya Pradesh

2. The ‘Rahveer’ Scheme approved by the Madhya Pradesh Government to promote road safety.

  • The Madhya Pradesh government has approved the Rahveer Yojana, aimed at promoting road safety and timely help for accident victims.
  • Under this scheme, the state government will reward ₹25,000 to any person who takes a road accident victim to a primary health center.
  • The scheme aligns with PM Modi’s appeal during his Mann Ki Baat program to reduce road accident deaths through swift medical assistance.
  • The state cabinet, led by Chief Minister Dr. Mohan Yadav, has officially approved the scheme.
  • The scheme encourages a humanitarian approach by rewarding quick help to road accident victims.
  • The goal is to ensure timely medical treatment to save lives after accidents.
  • Individuals who assist victims will be recognized as ‘Rahveers’ and honoured by the state.
  • The initiative also aims to spread awareness about road safety and the importance of public involvement.
  • Madhya Pradesh ranks among the top five states in the country in terms of road accidents.
  • Between 2018 and 2022, the state recorded 58,580 deaths due to road accidents.

Rahveer Yojana

(Source: News on AIR)

Monthly Current Affairs eBooks
April Monthly Current Affairs 2025 March Monthly Current Affairs 2025
February Monthly Current Affairs 2025 January Monthly Current Affairs 2025

Topic: Indian Economy

3. India recorded FDI inflows of USD 81.04 billion in FY 2024-25.

  • India recorded a provisional Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflow of USD 81.04 billion during FY 2024–25.
  • A significant rise of 14% was registered from the previous year’s FDI inflow of USD 71.28 billion.
  • The services sector attracted the highest share of FDI equity, accounting for 19% of total inflows.
  • An inflow of USD 9.35 billion was received by the services sector, marking a growth of 40.77% from FY 2023–24.
  • The manufacturing sector received FDI worth USD 19.04 billion, an 18% increase compared to the previous fiscal.
  • Maharashtra accounted for the largest share of FDI equity inflows at 39% in FY 2024–25, followed by Karnataka (13%) and Delhi (12%).
  • Singapore emerged as the top FDI source country with a 30% share, followed by Mauritius (17%) and the United States (11%).
  • Between 2014 and 2025, India attracted USD 748.78 billion in FDI, a 143% increase over the previous 11 years.
  • The number of FDI source countries increased to 112 in FY 2024–25 from 89 in FY 2013–14.
  • Significant FDI reforms across sectors such as defence, insurance, coal mining, and retail were introduced between 2014 and 2025.
  • In 2025, the Union Budget proposed to increase the FDI limit from 74% to 100% for companies investing their entire premium in India.

Topic: National Appointment

4. Ram Mohan appointed as new MPEDA director.

  • Ram Mohan M. K. has been appointed as the new director of the Marine Products Export Development Authority (MPEDA).
  • His academic qualifications include a PhD from ICAR–CIFE, Mumbai, and a postgraduate degree in mariculture from CMFRI.
  • Since joining MPEDA in 2003, he has played key roles in marketing, quality assurance, and infrastructure development.
  • He also held the position of resident director in Tokyo during his tenure at MPEDA.
  • He is currently a board member of MIDCON, Seafood Park India Ltd., and Lakshadweep Development Corporation Ltd.
  • MPEDA:
    • Established in 1972, MPEDA is a statutory body under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry to promote the export of marine products from India.
    • MPEDA is the nodal agency for the overall development of the seafood industry in India to realize its full export potential as the nodal agency.
    • MPEDA focuses mainly on market promotion, capture fisheries, culture fisheries, processing infrastructure and value addition, quality control, and research and development.

Topic: International News

5. Algeria admitted as new member of BRICS bank NDB.

  • The New Development Bank (NDB), established by the BRICS countries, has added Algeria as a new member, further expanding its global membership base.
  • Algeria submitted its instrument of accession on 19 May, in accordance with the provisions of the NDB's Articles of Agreement.
  • NDB President Dilma Rousseff welcomed Algeria, highlighting its strategic importance in the global economy.
  • Algeria’s membership is seen as a major boost to NDB’s expanding global profile.
  • The country is rich in natural resources and holds strong development potential, according to NDB’s leadership.
  • Over 120 investment projects worth USD 40 billion have been approved by the NDB since its establishment.
  • Key sectors supported by the bank include clean energy, water supply, transportation, and digital infrastructure.
  • NDB was founded by the BRICS nations in 2015 to finance sustainable development initiatives.
  • The presidency and vice-presidency of the bank are rotated among BRICS founding members (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) to maintain equity.

Topic: Defence

6. Quantum Technology Research Centre inaugurated by DRDO in Delhi.

  • On May 27, 2025, a state-of-the-art Quantum Technology Research Centre (QTRC) was inaugurated by DRDO in Delhi.
  • The facility was inaugurated by Dr. Samir V Kamat, Chairman of DRDO and Secretary of Defence R&D.
  • The centre aims to advance indigenous research in quantum technologies for strategic and defence purposes.
  • Experimental platforms for Quantum Key Distribution and secure communication have been installed at QTRC.
  • The Solid-State Physics Laboratory is leading the development of foundational technologies at the centre.
  • Facilities for characterising advanced quantum devices such as lasers and alkali vapor cells are part of the centre.
  • DRDO is also working on Ultra-Small Atomic Clock and sensitive Atomic Magnetometer at the facility.
  • The centre is a part of DRDO’s contribution to the National Quantum Mission.
  • The centre is expected to play a crucial role in ensuring national security in the post-quantum era.

Topic: Awards and Prizes

7. President Droupadi Murmu presented the Padma Awards to 69 distinguished individuals.

  • The ceremony took place at Rashtrapati Bhavan in New Delhi.
  • This event marked the second Civil Investiture Ceremony of 2025.
  • The honours included three Padma Vibhushan, nine Padma Bhushan, and 57 Padma Shri awards.
  • Justice (Retd.) Jagdish Singh Khehar was awarded the Padma Vibhushan. He was recognized for his contributions to public affairs.
  • Eminent artist Kumudini Rajnikant Lakhia also received the Padma Vibhushan. Her award was for excellence in the field of arts.
  • Folk singer Sharda Sinha was posthumously honoured with the Padma Vibhushan. Her work had a lasting impact on Indian folk music.
  • Recipients of the Padma Bhushan included Jatin Goswami, Kailash Nath Dixit, and Sadhvi Ritambhara.
  • Renowned economist Bibek Debroy received the Padma Bhushan posthumously.
  • Several individuals were honoured with the Padma Shri.
  • These included Manda Krishna Madiga, Dr. Neerja Bhatla, Sant Ram Deswal, Syed Ainul Hasan, Prashant Prakash, and Nagendra Nath Roy.
  • Travel writers Hugh Gantzer and the late Colleen Gantzer were jointly awarded the Padma Shri.
  • Ajay Bhatt was recognized with the Padma Shri for his technological contributions. He played a key role in developing USB technology.
  • Dr. Neerja Bhatla was honoured for her research in cervical cancer prevention.
  • The Padma Awards are among India’s highest civilian honours.
  • They are presented in three categories: Padma Vibhushan, Padma Bhushan, and Padma Shri.
  • The awards celebrate achievements in many fields. These include arts, science, engineering, social work, public service, literature, education, medicine, and sports.

Topic: Defence

8. Defence Minister Rajnath Singh has approved the execution model for India’s fifth-generation fighter jet programme.

  • The initiative falls under the Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA) project.
  • The AMCA is being developed as a stealth-capable, multi-role fighter for the Indian Air Force and Navy.
  • The Aeronautical Development Agency will lead the programme’s implementation.
  • It will work in collaboration with Indian industry partners.
  • Both public and private sector companies can take part in the bidding process.
  • They may bid independently, form joint ventures, or collaborate as consortia.
  • All participating bidders must be Indian companies.
  • They must comply with the country’s legal and regulatory frameworks.
  • The model aims to create a fair and competitive environment.
  • It is designed to ensure equal opportunity across sectors.
  • This initiative supports India's goal of achieving self-reliance in aerospace manufacturing.
  • In March 2024, the Cabinet Committee on Security approved the full-scale engineering development of the AMCA.
  • The government allocated over ₹15,000 crore for the development of five prototypes.
  • The AMCA will feature advanced technologies.
  • These include sensor fusion, stealth design, an internal weapons bay, and serpentine air-intakes.
  • Production of the aircraft is expected to begin no earlier than 2035.
  • Five prototypes are planned to be built over the next five years.
  • Public sector company HAL and private firms will jointly manufacture them.
  • DRDO Chairman Samir V Kamat stated that the project officially began in 2024.
  • He confirmed the goal is to deliver the aircraft by 2035.
  • The Indian Air Force currently has around 30 operational fighter squadrons.
  • This is well below the sanctioned strength of 42 squadrons.
  • The shortfall is due to delays in new aircraft inductions and the phasing out of aging jets.
  • HAL outsources a significant portion of aircraft production to private firms.
  • These include companies like L&T, Godrej, and Azad Engineering.
  • The Tata Group has prior experience in aircraft assembly.
  • It is already working with Airbus to assemble the C-295 transport aircraft in India.

Topic: State News/Uttar Pradesh

9. Uttar Pradesh has introduced India’s first Vistadome jungle safari train.

  • The train connects Katarniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary in Bahraich with Dudhwa Tiger Reserve in Pilibhit.
  • It currently runs only on Saturdays and Sundays.
  • Plans are being made to operate the train on a daily basis in the future.
  • The train uses specially designed Vistadome coaches.
  • These coaches have large glass windows and transparent roofs.
  • They offer passengers an immersive view of the forest and wildlife.
  • The aim is to promote eco-tourism and showcase the natural beauty of the state.
  • The project also seeks to boost the local economy.
  • It is expected to create new employment opportunities in the region.
  • Tourism Director Prakhar Mishra said the service supports the 'One Destination Three Forests' campaign.
  • This campaign links Dudhwa National Park, Katarniaghat, and Kishanpur Wildlife Sanctuary.
  • The Uttar Pradesh Eco Tourism Development Board is managing the service.
  • The jungle safari covers a distance of 107 kilometers through rich biodiversity.
  • A special travel package is being planned from Lucknow to Katarniaghat.
  • He shared details about the Bichia to Mailani Tourist Passenger Train (train number 52259).
  • He said that it departs from Bichia station in Bahraich and arrives at Mailani station in Lakhimpur Kheri.
  • The return service, Mailani to Bichia Tourist Passenger Train (train number 52260), departs Mailani and reaches Bichia.
  • The train stops at nine stations during the journey.
  • These include Bichia, Manjhara Purab, Khairatia Bandh Road, Tikunia, Belerayan, Dudhwa, Palia Kalan, Bhira Kheri, and Mailani.

Topic: Corporates/Companies

10. LIC has set a new Guinness World Record.

  • It achieved the highest number of life insurance policies issued in a single day.
  • On January 20, 2025, LIC agents issued 5,88,107 life insurance policies.
  • This record was accomplished across various locations in India.
  • A total of 4,52,839 agents participated in this.
  • The achievement took place during LIC’s “Mad Million Day.”
  • This initiative encouraged every agent to issue at least one policy.
  • The accomplishment set a new global standard for agent productivity in 24 hours.
  • Guinness World Records officially verified and recognized the record.
  • LIC is India’s largest life insurance company.
  • The corporation credited its dedicated agency network for this success.
  • Siddhartha Mohanty is currently the CEO and MD of LIC.
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